IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) and IASI-NG (IASI-Next Generation) are key satellite instruments of the EUMETSAT (European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites) Polar System. The instruments measure thermal nadir spectra with high spectral and horizontal resolution, twice daily global coverage, and a multi decadal mission continuance. This project explores these excellent opportunities for atmospheric research on different scales by retrieving the distribution of multiple atmospheric trace gases from the measured IASI spectra. The large trace gas data sets are the basis for investigating manifold atmospheric processes on weather as well as climate scales.

Aerosol-cloud interactions (ACI) are among the most uncertain processes in numerical weather prediction models. The effects of aerosols on clouds and precipitation vary significantly depending on the cloud type. Generally, high aerosol concentrations are assumed to activate more aerosol particles as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), resulting in a larger number of smaller cloud droplets. This smaller droplet size suppresses the onset of precipitation in warm clouds by reducing the collision-coalescence process, leading to longer cloud lifetimes. Under polluted conditions, the increased water load at the freezing level can release additional latent heat, potentially invigorating convective clouds and enhancing rainfall. However, recent

Over the past decades, large-scale computer simulations have grown to become one of the most powerful approaches to study the interior of Earth-like planets. Geodynamical models are used to investigate the evolution and distribution of the temperature inside the planet that ultimately affects its structure and the way the planet cools over time. Combined with data obtained from planetary missions and laboratory experiments, these models help us to improve our understanding of the history and current state of planets in our Solar System and beyond. These models can teach us about the formation and evolution of planetary environments

ICON-ART is the next generation model for seamless simulation of numerical weather forecast, climate prediction and atmospheric composition modelling. It is a joint development project of DWD (German Weather Service), MPI-M (Max-Planck-Institute of Meteorology), DKRZ (German Climate Computing Center), and KIT (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology). At IMK-ASF the simulations focus on the understanding of composition-climate interactions as well as atmospheric chemical and microphysical processes on different scales

PALM-4U is a newly developed high-resolution urban-climate model. It is designed as a tool for researchers and city planners to simulate and analyze the urban climate and its effects on city dwellers. The key feature of PALM-4U is its capacity to directly resolve turbulence effects and provide highly accurate simulation results. Apart from that, PALM-4U offers further features such as sophisticated bio-climate and air chemistry analysis or a multi-agent model that simulates individual city dwellers wandering across the city. To gain confidence in PALM-4U, extensive evaluation is necessary.